中华人民共和国政府和缅甸联邦政府关于两国边界的议定书
| ← | 中华人民共和国和缅甸联邦边界条约 | 中华人民共和国政府和缅甸联邦政府关于两国边界的议定书 中华人民共和国外交部、缅甸联邦外交部 1961年10月13日 |
| （1961年10月13日中华人民共和国外交部与缅甸联邦外交部签署）[1] |
中华人民共和国政府和缅甸联邦政府。
考虑到中缅边界联合委员会按照1960年10月1日中缅边界条约的规定，成功地完成了勘察两国边界线、勾画边界标志的任务，明确界定了两国的边界线，
深信这将有助于进一步巩固两国在和平共处五项原则基础上建立的和平友好的边界，
按照《中缅边界条约》第十条，签署了本议定书。
第一部分 总则
[编辑]第1条。 - 中国与缅甸之间的边界线，除正在等待最终决定的西部边界之外，已经按照中缅边界条约第七条的规定进行了现场调查和标定。在本议定书中比在“条约”中更详细地描述了由双方调查和划定的边界线的一致性。此后，两国边界线的具体衔接应符合本议定书的规定。
第2条。 - 按照“中缅边界条约”第七条的规定，边界要沿分水岭行进，以流域山脊为界线。在边界的一些特定区域，双方特别划定了边界线，适当考虑到两国地形的实际特点和行政管辖权。
第3条。 - 根据“中缅边界条约”第七条的规定，在边界按照河道划分的边界部分地区，双方明确划定了边界考虑到两国行政管辖的便利性和地形的实际特点。
第4条。 - 中缅边界河流现在被认为是不能通航的河流，边界应按照“中缅边界条约”第八条规定的中游线路进行。这样的中游线由河的平均高水位决定。
第5条。 - 位于中游线中国边界河流的岛屿和沙洲属于中国，位于中游线缅甸一侧的岛屿和沙洲属于缅甸。中游线相交的岛屿和沙坝的所有权，是在公平合理的基础上相互协商确定的。
在边界河流出现新的岛屿和沙坝的情况下，根据它们相对于中游线的位置分别属于中国或缅甸。中游线相交的新岛和沙坝的所有权，由双方在公平合理的基础上相互协商确定。
第6条。 - 双方沿两国边界划定的界标，从尖高山向北，向南依次编号。尖高山是南北段的共同起点，而尖高山脉北侧的编号为1至47，南腊河至澜沧江（湄公河）交界处南侧至东南端的编号为1至244。
每个连续编号的界标可以由单立、双立或三立界标组成。指导建立单立、双立或三立界标的原则是：
- （1）凡在陆地边界线上设置界标的地方，只能建立一颗界桩。
- （2）在陆上划定的边界线遇到边界河流，或沿边界河流的边界线离开河流到达陆地的任何地方，可以在与其相交的岸上竖立一颗界桩，也可以在相交线的河两岸各竖立一颗标有相同序号的界桩。
- （3）界标位于河流边界线上的任何地方，可以在界河两岸竖立标有相同编号的界桩，在每边河岸上各一颗界桩。
- （4）界标位于边界河流与非边界河流交汇处的任何地方，可以在界河两岸竖立标有相同编号的界桩，在每边河岸上各一颗界桩。
- （5）边界标志位于两条边界河流交汇处的，可在河流交汇处的每一岸上竖立三颗同一编号的界桩。然而，在某些情况下，只能竖立两颗标有相同序号的界桩，分别位于其中一条界河的两岸上。
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第42条。 - 缔约方应尽可能防止边界河流改变流向。任何一方都不得故意改变边界河流的走向。
为防止边界河流改道，缔约双方可共同采取其认为必要的措施；任何一方也可以在不影响另一方的利益的情况下，在通知另一方后分别在本国领土采取类似措施；但是如果另一方遭受任何损失，则应作出适当的赔偿。
边界河流改道的，双方应当共同采取必要措施，或者在双方协商后，另行协商，使边界河流恢复原状。
如果边界河流由于自然原因不能恢复到原来的路线，根据“中国与缅甸边界条约”第八条的规定，如双方没有其它协定，这一部分边界应保持不变。
第43条。 - 缔约各方应根据案情的严重性，对故意拆除，损坏，毁坏边界标识物或故意改变边界线的行为人采取行动。
第44条。 - 缔约双方同意双方使用两国的边界河流和运河。如果任何一方在界河上进行水电工程和水利、灌溉工程的过程中，有需要超越中线，应事先征得对方的同意。
上述边界水电工程、水利工程、灌溉工程的建设，不得改变边界线。
...
附：已公布的英文版片段
[编辑]The Government of the Union of Burma and the Government of the People's Republic of China.
Considering that the Burmese-Chinese Joint Boundary Committee, in pursuance of the provisions of the Boundary Treaty between Burma and China of 1 October 1960 , has successfully completed the task of surveying the boundary line between the two countries and erecting the boundary markers and has thereby clearly demarcated the boundary line between the two countries, and
Being deeply convinced that this will help further consolidate the boundary of peace and friendship between the two countries established on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence,
Have, in accordance with Article X of the Boundary Treaty between Burma and China, signed the present Protocol.
PART 1 General Provisions
[编辑]Article 1. - The boundary line between Burma and China, with the exception of its western extremity which is pending final determination, has been surveyed on the spot and demarcated by the two Parties in pursuance of Article VII of the Boundary Treaty between Burma and China. The alignment of the boundary line as surveyed and demarcated by the two Parties is described in more detail in the present Protocol than in the Treaty. Hereafter, the specific alignment of the boundary line between the two countries shall be as provided for in the present Protocol.
Article 2. - Wherever the boundary is to follow a watershed as stipulated in Article VII of the Boundary Treaty between Burma and China, the watershed ridge shall be the boundary line between the two countries. In a few particular sectors of the boundary, the two Parties have specifically demarcated the boundary line with due regard to the actual features of the terrain and the administrative jurisdiction of the two countries.
Article 3. - In some places of the sectors where the boundary is to follow a river course as at the time when the boundary was demarcated in the past, as stipulated in Article VII of the Boundary Treaty between Burma and China, the two Parties have specifically demarcated the boundary line, taking into account the convenience for administrative jurisdiction of the two countries together with the actual features of the terrain.
Article 4. - The boundary rivers between Burma and China having now been regarded as unnavigable rivers, the boundary shall follow the midstream line as stipulated in Article VIII of the Boundary Treaty between Burma and China. Such midstream line is determined by the average high water level of the river.
Article 5. - Islands and sand-bars in the boundary rivers situated on the Chinese side of the midstream line shall belong to China and islands and sand-bars situated on the Burmese side of the midstream line shall belong to Burma. The ownership of islands and sand-bars intersected by the midstream line has been determined through mutual consultation on the basis of fairness and reasonableness.
In case new islands and sand-bars hereafter emerge in the boundary rivers, they shall respectively belong to China or Burma according to their location in relation to the midstream line. The ownership of new islands and sand-bars intersected by the midstream line shall be determined by the two Parties through mutual consultation on the basis of fairness and reasonableness.
Article 6. - The boundary markers erected by the two Parties along the boundary line between the two countries are numbered in serial order from the High Conical Peak northwards and southwards. The High Conical Peak is the common starting point of the northern and southern sections; and the serial numbers from the High Conical Peak northwards are Nos. 1 to 47, while those southwards to the southeastern extremity at the junction of the Nam La and Lantsang (Mekong) River are Nos. 1 to 244.
Each serially numbered boundary marker may consist of one, two or three boundary markers. The principles guiding the erection of one, two or three boundary markers bearing one serial number are as follows:
- (1) Wherever a boundary marker is located on the boundary line running on land, only a single boundary marker is erected.
- (2) Wherever the boundary line running on land meets a boundary river which it follows or wherever the boundary line running along a boundary river leaves the river and runs onto land, either one marker may be erected on the bank where it is intersected by the boundary line or two markers bearing the same serial number may be erected, one on each bank of the river.
- (3) Wherever a boundary marker is located on the boundary line which follows a river, two markers bearing the same serial number may be erected, one on each bank of the river.
- (4) Wherever a boundary marker is located at the junction of a boundary river and a non-boundary river, two markers bearing the same serial number may be erected, one on each bank of the boundary river.
- (5) Wherever a boundary marker is located at the junction of two boundary rivers, three markers bearing the same serial number may be erected, one on each bank of the junction of the rivers. In certain cases, however, only two markers bearing the same serial number may be erected, one on each bank of one of the boundary rivers.
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Article 42. - The Contracting Parties shall, as far as possible, prevent the boundary rivers from changing their courses. Neither Party shall purposely change the course of any boundary river.
In order to prevent the boundary rivers from changing their courses, the Contracting Parties may jointly adopt such measures as they deem necessary; either Party may also, without affecting the interests of the other Party, adopt similar measures separately in its own territory after notifying the other Party; but if the other Party suffers any loss therefrom, suitable compensation shall be made.
In case a boundary river changes its course, necessary measures shall be taken by the two Parties jointly or, after mutual consultation, by one of the Parties separately, to restore the boundary river to its original course.
In case a boundary river cannot be restored to its original course owing to natural causes, this sector of the boundary, in accordance with the provisions of Article VIII of the Boundary Treaty between Burma and China, shall remain unchanged in the absence of other agreements between the two Parties.
Article 43. - Each Contracting Party shall, according to the seriousness of each case, take action against those who wilfully remove, damage or destroy any boundary-marking objects or purposely change the course of any boundary river.
Article 44. - The Contracting Parties agree that the boundary rivers and canals between the two countries shall be used by both Parties. In case either Party in the course of putting up hydro-projects and water conservancy and irrigation works on the boundary river finds it necessary to go beyond the midstream line, it shall obtain the consent of the other Party in advance.
The use of the boundary water and the putting up of hydro-projects and water conservancy and irrigation works as mentioned above shall not change the alignment of the boundary line.
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注释
[编辑]- ↑ 此协议书全文及所附的大分辨率地图未对外公布，目前仅可看到部分英文版章节。此处中文非原文，系由英文转译而来。