雅尔达秘约及雅尔达（克里米亚）会议报告
又名：苏美英三国关于日本的协定及克里米亚（雅尔塔）会议公报
1946年4月

雅尔达会议报告（即克里米亚会议）

(一九四五年二月十一日)

过去八日间美国大总统罗斯福,大不列颠首相邱吉尔,与苏维埃社会主义共和国联邦人民委员主席史达林各偕外长,参谋总长及其他顾问会议于克里米亚。

政府三首脑外,有左列人员参与会议:

美国方面：

国务卿斯退汀纽斯;

总统参谋长海军元帅李希;

总统特别助理柏铿斯;

陆军参谋总长陆军元帅马歇尔;

海军军令部长兼海军总司令海军元帅金格;

陆军勤务总司令陆军中将苏麦费尔;

战时航运管理局长海军中将蓝特;

陆军航空部队司令参谋长陆军少将顾特;

驻苏联大使哈里曼;

国务院欧洲司长马太时;

国务院特别政务局副局长希斯;

国务卿助理波;

及其他政治,军事及技术顾问。

英国方面：

外务大臣艾登:

战时运输大臣勒特士勋爵;

驻苏联大使寇尔爵士;

常任外务次官贾德干,

战时内阁祂书布里奇:

帝国参谋总长陆军元帅布洛克;

空军参谋总长空军元帅多尔;

海军大臣海军元帅克篝浑;

国防大臣参谋长陆军上将伊斯迈爵士,

地中海战区联合国最高统帅亚历山大，

驻华盛顿英国联合参谋团团长陆军元帅威尔逊;

驻华盛顿英国联合参谋团海军上将麦菲尔;

及军事外交顾问。

苏联方面：

外交人民委员长莫洛托夫;

海军人民委员长海军上将古慈涅佐夫;

红军参谋副总长陆军元帅安永诺夫;

外交人民副委员长维欣斯基;

空军元帅古狄雅可夫;

驻英国大使谷塞夫;

驻美国大使菖洛米柯。

美国大总统,英国首相,苏联人民委员会主席对克里米会议结果,发表左列声明:

击败德国

余等业经考虑并决定三联合国最后击败共同敌人之军事计划。在会议期内,三联合国军事参谋部亦逐日开会。从各种观点言,此等聚会均极为圆满,结果三联合国之军事努力益加密切整齐划一,为前所未有。经充份交换情报。所人将用陆空军自东西北三面进攻德国腹心,施以新而尤较有力之打击，其时间,范围,与步调一致经已完全同意,并有详细计划。

吾人之联合军事计划,须俟执行时始行发表,但余等相信三国参谋部在本会议所获得之密切协力 ·结果必将战争缩短。将来凡遇有必要时,三国参谋部尚将继续开会。

纳粹德国已居末日。德国人民企图作无益之抵抗,惟有使其战败之代价加增重。

占领及管制德国

余等业已实施无条件投降条款之共同政策与计划,将于德国武力抵抗击溃后,共同施诸纳粹德国 ,是项条款在未完成最后击败德国前,暂不公布。依照所同意之计划,三国军队将各别占领德国之一区域。本计划幷经规定设立划一之行政管制,由三国最高统帅合组中央管制委员会,会址设于柏林。又经同意法国如愿意,当由三国邀请占领一区,参加管制委员会为委员之一。法国【占领】区之界限，——当由四关系国政府经欧洲谘询委员会议定之。

余等绝不改变之目的为摧毁德国黩武主义与纳粹主义,确保德国不能再行扰乱世界和平。余等决意将德国全部军队解除武装,加以遣散;永远解散一再计谋使德国黩武主义复活之德国参谋本部；移运或摧毁德国一切军事设备;铲除或管制德国一切可用作军事生产之工业;将所有战争罪犯应以公正而敏速之惩罚并令其以实物赔偿德军所造成之破坏;肃清纳粹党,纳粹法令,组织及制度, 除纳粹党在公共机关,德国人民文化经济生活内之势力;并协同对德国采取为未来世界和平与安全所必需之其他办法。余等之目的并不欲毁灭德国民族,然惟须俟纳粹主义与黩武主义扑灭后德国人民始有得过高尚生活,及在国家群中有其地位之希望。

德国之赔偿

余等会考虑及德国在此次战争中使联合所受损害之问题,承认令德国以实物赔偿是项损害至可能最大限度,实为正当。故将设立损害赔偿委员会,令其考虑关于德国使联合国所受损害赔偿之限度与方法问题。该委员会将在莫斯科工作。

联合国会议

余等决议尽可能早日与各盟国建立一国际总组织以维持和平及安全。余等相信为防止世界与对于由一切爱好和平民族密切继续提携消除战争之政治,经济,社会原因,此举均属必要。

丹巴顿橡树会议业已健立基础,惟对投票程序问题未得协议。木会已能将此困难加以解决。

余等已同意应于一九四五年四月二十五日在美国旧金山举行联合国会议,以便照丹巴顿橡树非正式会议所建议之纲领准备此组织之宪章。

对中国政府与法国临时政府应立即与之谘商,并邀其与美英苏共同发起此会议。一经与中法两国谘商完毕，即将关于投票程序之建议文公布。

对解放欧洲之宣言

苏联总理,英国首相,与美国大总统为其各本国人民及解决之欧洲人民利益着想,业已举行协商。兹联合宣布其相互协议•在解放欧洲暂时之不安定时期内,使三国政府之政策协调一致,以协助自德国统治下被解放之各民族,及欧洲前轴心各卫星国之人民以民主方法解决其急迫之政治经济问题。欧洲秩序之建立与国民经济生活之重建,应由使解放之人民能摧毁纳粹主义及法西主义地盘及创立自择之民主制度之方法达成之。此乃大西洋宪章之一原则——即各民族有权自择在其下生活之政体 ——恢复各民族被世界国家强迫放弃之主权与自治。

为培养被解放民族得以行使此等权利之状况,三国政府对欧洲任何被解放国家,或前轴心卫星国之人民,依其判断,其状况需(甲)建立国内和平状况;(乙)施行被划人民救济之紧急处置;(丙) 组设临时政府机关,网罗人民间民主份子代表,并尽速由自由选举建立响应人民意志之政府;(丁 ) 凡有需要便利举行此等选举,当联合予以协助。三国政府于凡考虑之事件,与其他欧洲联合国:及临时当局或其他政府有关时,当与之谘商。

任何欧洲被解放国家,或前欧洲轴心卫星国之情况:依三国政府之意见,需要作此行动时,当即共同协商必要之办法以履行本宣言所列举之责任。

由本宣言,余等重申诚信大西洋宪章原则之诚信,对遵守联合国宣言,并决心与其他爱好和平国家合作建立在法律下,致力于和平,安全,自由及人类一般福祉之世界秩序。

波兰

三强之发布本宣言,希望法国临时政府能与共同进行所提议之程序。

波兰因由红军完全加以解放之结果,已造成一新的局势。因此需要设立一波兰临时政府,俾较在波兰西部最近解放前有比较广泛之基础。因之现在波兰行使政权之临时政府:应照较广泛之民主基础加以改组,容纳波兰境内及在国外之波兰领袖。此新政府应称为波兰全国统一临时政府。

兹授权莫洛托夫,哈里曼,寇尔爵士以委员会之资格,先在莫斯科与现在临时政府人员协商,再与波兰国内及国外民主领袖协商,以期依照上列纲领改组现在临时政府。此波兰临时全国统一政府须承担迅速依普遍参政与秘密投票之基础,举行自由而不受拘束之选举。在此等选举中,各民主及反粹党派均应有权参加幷提出候选人。

波兰全国统一临时政府依照上列安善组织后,苏联政府 (现已与波兰现在临时政府保有外交关系),英国政府与美国政府均当与波兰全国统一临时政府建立外交关系交换派遣大使:各国政府当根据其报告随时获悉波兰之情势。

三国政府首脑认为波兰东境边界应沿寇松线伸出五公里至八公里。又承认对西部及北部应得相当实在之领土。又觉应得地区之程度:当征询波兰全国统一临时政府之意见,而波兰西境边界之最后划定,则当候和平会议解决。

南斯拉夫

余等同意向蒂多元帅及苏巴齐博士建议彼等间之协议应立即付诸实施,幷应以该协议为基础组织新政府。

余等井建议新政府一经组织成立,应即宣布:

(一)反法西斯之国民解放议会应予扩充·容纳旧南斯拉夫国会未与敌人提携之议员,以便组成一临时国会;

(二)反法西斯之全国解放议会所通过之法案,以后应经一立法议会批准。

对巴尔干其他问题,亦尝作一般的检讨,

外长会议

在全部会议中,除政府首脑及外长每日开会外,三国外长及其顾问亦每日分别举行会议。

此等会议经证明有极大之价值,故本会议同意,应成立永久机构,俾三国外长经常协商。故各外长当视情形需要,时常会议,大致每隔三月或四月举行一次。是项会议应轮流在三国首都举行,首次会议地点定在伦敦,时期,在联合国世界组织会议之后。

照会战争而团结为和平而团结

余等此次在克里米亚举行之会议,已重申共同决心,在未来之和平中,维持井加强会使联合国在今次战争中可能而确定获得胜利之目的与行动之团结。余等相信此为我三国政府对其人民及世界人民所负之神圣义务。

惟有我三国间及全体爱好和平国家间之合作与了解继续增长:人类最高之愿望, ——即得有安全而永久之和平,将各大西洋宪章所云,足使全世界人类怨可自由生活,无所恐惧,亦不虞匮乏——方能实现。

今次战争之胜利,与拟议之国际组织之建立,将供备历史上最大之机会:以在未来年代中,创造此种和平之主要情况。

一九四五年二月十一日

邱吉尔(签)

罗斯福(签)

史达林(签)

自雅尔达协定发表后,引起了各方的批评和反响,最有权威而能代表一切的是外交部情报司长何凤山的谈话,他于回答记者询问中国对该协定的反响中说:

‘ 中国因未参预,故不受其约束,中苏关系,将仅以中苏友好条约为依据。’

关于该协定的成立及发表的经过,美国联合社二月十三日旧金山电讯有详细的叙述,前译载全文于下,以供读者参考:

雅尔达协定是成立于一九四四年二月十一日,即雅尔达会议(按:又称克里米亚会议)的最后一天, 与会的有罗斯福总统,史达林委员长,邱吉尔首相。依该协定规定,俄国有条件的同意加入对日作战。

俄国于八月八日参战,料想是按照预定。红军克服了千岛,南库页岛,朝鲜北部和满洲。史达林在他的胜利强说中告诉俄国人,苏联当得回南库页岛和千岛,这是在一九〇四年日俄之战中失于日本的。

一九四五年九月四日,国务卿贝尔纳斯告诉新闻记者。美国并不反对俄国对千岛和南库页岛的立场……不过他说这件事将来尚须作确定的解决。

以后沉静了一个时期,直至一九四六年初,日本从千岛和库页岛发出的消息说,俄国占领军搬取家眷及其他有作永久占领的模样。华盛顿官员也是同样的说。

一月廿二日,副国务卿亚契逊说照他的了解, 俄国的占领祇是暂时的,而苏俄官方塔斯通信社却于一月廿六日宣称奉命发表雅尔达协定‘明白规定’战事终了后千岛当交与俄国,南库页岛及附近各岛亦将归还。

一月廿九日,贝尔纳斯于答复记者询问中发表,在投降前他无所知, 虽然军方各参谋长在美国(?)参战时已经完全知道。他指出在俄国参战前宣布的不可能,并且说他找不出有什么理由该协定到这时候还不予公布。

但是国务院说这事须与英俄两方协商。该协定卒于前日公布,揭示出答允给俄国的, 不仅是千岛和库页岛:

而且还有在满洲的权利,此层已由与中国新订的一项条约使其正式化。

现在俄国真理报说这次公布应可使全世界相信‘苏联履行条约和协定是何等谨慎,何守正确。]

有两个问题还待解答的:第一,美英外交对于与中国的必要接洽,参加了那一部份?第二,与英俄的关于公布的谈判,何以不早些举行?

因为雅尔达秘密协定是雅尔达会谈的产物,所以连雅尔达会议的报告全文也附印于此,以便与另印专册的波次坦会议报告相参阅,

雅尔达密约

( 一九四五年二月十一日苏联史达林元帅,美国故总统罗斯福,与英国前首相邱吉尔订立一九四六年二月十日在华盛顿,伦敦,莫斯科同时公布)

苏美英三强领袖业已议定,苏联于德国投降,及欧洲战争结束后二三个月内,当参加盟国方面, 对日宣战,其条件为:

外蒙古(即蒙古人民共和国)之现状,应加以保存。

苏联应恢复以前俄罗斯帝国之权利,此权利因一九〇四年日本之诡谲攻击受破坏: (甲)南库页岛及其毗连之各岛,归返苏联。

(乙)大连商港,应辟为国际港,苏联在该港之优越权利,应获保障,旅顺仍复为苏联所租用之, 海军基地。

(丙) 中东铁路以及通往大连之南满铁路,应由中苏双方共组之公司联合经营,苏联之优越权利应获保障,中国对满洲应保持完全主权。

三, 千岛群岛应割于苏联。

惟上述关于外蒙古旅顺大连以及中东南满两铁路诸点,必须征得中国蒋主席之同意。罗斯福总统将依据史达林元帅之意见,采取措施,以致蒋主席之同意。

三强首脑业已议定,苏联所提要求,于日本被击败后,必予实现。苏联则准备与中国国民政府缔结中苏友好同盟条约,俾以其武装部队协助中国,解除中国所受日本之束缚。

一九四五年二月十一日

史达林(签 )

罗斯福(签 )

邱吉尔(签)

YALTA SECRET AGREEMENT

(Entered into by Generalissimo Joseph Stalin, former Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and the late President Roosevelt on February 11, 1945 and published on February 11, 1946 simultaneously in Washington, London and Moscow).

Leaders of the three great powers-the Soviet Union, the United States of America, and Great Britain-have agreed that in two or three months after Germany has surrendered and the war in Europe has terminated, the Soviet Union shall enter into the war against Japan on the side of the Allies on conditions that:

Firstly, the status quo in Outer Mongoli (the Mongolian People's Republic) shall be preserved;

Secondly, former rights of Russia violated by the treacherous attack of Japan in 1301 shall be restored, viz.:

(a) The southern part of Sakhalin as well as all the islands adjacent to it shall be returned to the Soviet Union:

(b) The commercial port of Dairen shall be internationalized. the preeminent interests of the Soviet Union in this port being safeguarded and the lease of Port Arthur as a naval base of the U.S.S.R. restored;

(c) The Chinese Eastern Railroad and the Southern Machu ria Railroad which provide outlet to Dairen shall be jointly operated by the establishment of a joint Soviet- Sino Company, it being understood that the preeminent interests of the Soviet Union shall be safeguarded and that China shall retain full sovereignty in Manchuria;

Thirdly, the Kurile Islands shall be handed over to the Soviet Union.

It is understood that the agreement concerning Outer Mongolia and the ports and the railroads referred to above all require the concurrence of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek. The President will take measures in order to obtain this concurrence in advance from Generalissimo Stalin.

Heads of the three powers have agreed that these claims of the Soviet Union shall be unquestionably fulfilled after Japan has been defeated.

For its part the Soviet Union expresses its readiness to conclude with the National Government a pact of friendship and alliance between the U.S.S.R. and China in order to render assistance to China with armed forces for the purpose of liberating China from the Japanese yoke.

(Signed)

J. A. Y. Stalin

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Winston Churchill

February 11, 1945.

REPORT OF THE YALTA (CRIMEA) CONFERENCE

(February 11, 1945)

For the past eight days, Winston S. Churchill, Prime Minister of Great Britain, Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States of America, and Marshal J. V. Stalin, Chairman of the Council of Peoples' Commissars of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, have met with the Foreign Secretaries, Chiefs of Staffs and other advisors in the Crimea.

In addition to the three heads of government, the following took part in the Conference:

For the United States of America:

Edward R. Stettinius, Jr., Secretary of State;

Fleet Admiral William D. Leahy, U.S.N., Chief of Staff to the President;

Harry L. Hopkins, Special Assistant to the President;

Justice James F. Byrnes, Director, Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion;

General of the Army George C. Marshall, Chief of Staff, U.S. Army;

Fleet Admiral Ernest J. King, U.S.N., Chief of Naval Operations and Commander in Chief, U. S. Fleet;

Lieutenant General Brehon B. Somervill, Commarding General, Army Service Forces;

Vice Admiral Emory S. Land, War Shipping Administrator;

Major General L. S. Kuter, Staff of Commanding General, U. S' Army Air Forces;

W. Averell Harrimann, Ambassador to the U.S.S.R.

H. Freeman Mathews, Director of European Affairs, State Department;

Alger Hiss, Deputy Director, Office of Special Political Affairs, Department of State;

Charles E. Bohlen, Assistant to the Secretary of State;

Together with political, military and technical advisors.

For the United Kingdom:

Anthony Eden, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs;

Lord Leathers, Minister of War Transport;

Sir A. Clark Kerr, H. M. Ambassador at Moscow;

Sir Alexander Cadogan, Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs;

Sir Edward Bridges, Secretary of the War Cabinet;

Field Marshal Sir Klan Brooke, Chief of the Imperial General Staff; Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir Charles Portal, Chief of the Air Staff;

Admiral of the Fleet Sir Andrew Cunningham, First Sea Lord; General Sir Hastings Ismay, Chief of Staff to the Minister of Defense;

Field Marshal Alexander, Supreme Allied Commander, Medi- terranean Theatre;

Field Marshal Wilson, Head of the British Joint Staff Mission at Washington;

Admiral Somerville, Joint Staff Mission at Washington; Together with military and diplomatic advisors.

For the Soviet Union:

V. M. Molotov, People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the U.S.S.R.

Admiral Kuznetsov, People's Commissar for the Navy;

Army General Antonov, Deputy Chief of the General Staff of the Red Army;

A. Y. Vyshinski, Deputy People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the U.S.S.R.;

Marshal o Aviation Khudyakov;

F. T. Gusev, Ambassador in Great Britain;

A. A. Gromyko, Ambassador in U.S.A.

The following statement is made by the Prime Minister of Great Britain, the President of the United States of America, and the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the results of the Crimean Conference:

THE DEFEAT OF GERMANY

We have considered and determined the military plans of the three Allied powers for the final defeat of the common enemy. The miltary staffs of the three Allied nations have met in daily meetings throughout the Conference. These meeting have been most satisfactory from every point of view and have resulted in closer coordination of the military effort of the three Allies than ever before. The fullest information has been inter-changed. The timing, scope and coordination of new and even more powerful blows to be launched by our armies and air forces into the heart of Germany from the East, West, North, and South have been fully agreed and planned in detail.

Our combined military plans will be made known only as we execute them, but we believe that the very close working partner- ship among the three staffs attained at this Conference will result in shortening the War. Meeting of the three staffs will be con- tinned in the future whenever the need arises.

Nazi Germany is doomed. The German people will only make the cost of their defeat heavier to themselves by attempting to continue a hopeless resistance.

OCCUPATION AND CONTROL OF GERMANY

We have agreed on common policies and plans for enforcing the unconditional surrender terms which we shall impose together on Nazi Germany after German armed resistance has been finally crushed. These terms will not be made known until the final defeat of Germany has been accomplished. Under the agreed plan, the forces of the three powers will each occupy a separate zone of Germany. Coordinated administration and control provided for under the plan through a central control commission consisting of the Supreme Commanders of the three powers with headquarters in Berlin, It has been agreed that France should be invited by the three powers, if she should so desire, to take over a zone of occupation, and to participate as a fourth member of the control commission. The limits of the French zone will be agreedupon by the four governments concerned through their representatives on the European Advisory Commission.

It is our inflexible purpose to destroy German militarism and Nazism and to ensure that Germany will never again be able to disturb the peace of the world. We are determined to disarm and disband all German armed forces; break up for all time the German General Staff that has repeatedly contrived the resurgence of German militarism; remove or destroy all German military equipment; eliminate or control all German industry that could be used for military production; bring all war criminals to just and swift punishment and exact reparation in kind for the destruction wrought by the Germans; wipe out the Nazi laws, organizations, institutions, remove all Nazi and militarist influences from public office and from the cultural and economic life of the German people; and take in harmony such other measures in Germany as may be necessary to the future peace and safety of the world. It is not our purpose to destroy the people of Germany, but only when Nazism and militarism have been extirpated will there be hope for a decent life for Germany, and a place for them in the comity of nations.

REPARATION BY GERMANY

We have considered the question of the damage caused by Germany to the Allied nations in this war and recognized it as just that Germany be obliged to make compensation for this damage in kind to the greatest extent possible. A commission for the compensation of damage will be established The commission will be instructed to consider the question of the extent and me hods for compensating damage caused by Germany to the Allied countries. The commission will work in Moscow.

UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE

We are resolved upon the earlist possible eatablishment with our allies of a general international organization to maintain peace and security. We believe that this is essential, both to preventaggression and to remove the political, economic and social causes of war through the close and continuing collaboration of all peace- loving peoples.

The foundations were laid at Dumbarton Oaks. On the important question of voting procedure, however, aggrement was not there reached. The present Conference has been able to resolve this difficulty.

We have agreed that a conference of United Nations should' be called to meet at San Francisco in the United States on April 25, 1945, to prepare the charter of such an organization, along the lines proposed in the informal conversations at Dumbarton Oaks.

The Government of China and the Provisional Government of France will be immediately consulted and invited to sponsor invitations to the conference jointly with the Governments of the United States, Great Britain and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. As soon as the consultation with China and France has been completed, the text of the proposals on voting procedure will be made.

DECLARATION ON LIBERATED EUROPE

The Premier of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, and the President of the United States of America have consulted with each other in the common interests of the peoples of their countries and those of liberated Europe the policies of their three governments in assisting the peoples liberated from the domination of Nazi Germany and the peoples of the former Axis satellite states of Europe to solve by democratic means their pressing political and economic problems.

The establishment of order in Europe and the rebuilding of national economic life must be achieved by processes which will enable the liberated peoples to destroy the last vestiges of Nazism and Fascism and to create democratic institutions of their own choice. This is a principle of the Atlantic Charter the right ofall peoples to choose the form of government under which they will live—the restoration of sovereign rights and self-government to those peoples who have been forcibly deprived of them by the aggressor nations.

To foster the conditions in which the liberated peoples may exercise these rights, the three Governments will jointly assist the people in any European liberated state of former Axis satellite states in Europe where in their judgment conditions required (A) to establish conditions of internal peace; (B) to carry out emergency measures for the relief of distressed peoples; (C) to form interim government authorities broadly representative of all democratic elements in the population and pledged to the earliest possible establishment through free elections of governments responsive to the will of the people; and (D) to facilitate where necessary the holding of such elections.

The three governments will consult the other United Nations and provisional authorities or other governments in Europe when matters of direct interest to them are under consideration. When in the opinion of the three governments, conditions in any Europe n liberated state or any former Axis satellite state in Europe make such action necessary, they will immediately consult together on the measures necesary to discharge their joint responsibilities set forth in this declaration.

By this declaration we reaffirm our faith in the principles of the Atlantic Charter, our pledge in the declaration by the United Nations, and our determination to build in cooperation with other peace-loving nations world order under law, dedicated to peace, security, freedom and general well-being of all mankind. In issuing this declaration, the three powers express the hope that the Provisional Government of the French Republic may be associated with them in the procedure suggested.

POLAND

A new situation has been created in Poland as a result after her complete liberation by the Red Army. This calls for the establishment of a Polish Provisional Government which can bymore broadly based than was possible before the recent liberation of Western Poland. The Provisional Government which is now functioning in Poland should therefore be reorganized on a broader democratic basis with the inclusion of democratic leaders from Poland itself and from Poles abroad. This new government should then be called the Polish Provisional Government of National Unity.

M. Molotov, Mr. Harriman and Sir A. Clark Kerr are authorized as a commission to consult in a commission to consult in the first instance in Moscow with members of the present Provisional Government and with other Polish democratic leaders from within Poland and from abroad, with a view to the reorganization of the present Government aloag the above lines. This Polish Provisional Government of National Unity shall be pledged to the holding of free and unfettered elections as soon as possible on the basis of universal suffrage and secret ballot. In these elections all democratic and anti-Nazi parties shall have the right to take part and to put forward candidates.

When a Polish Provisional Government of National Unity has been properly formed in conformity with the above, the government of the U.S.S.R,, which now maintains diplomatic relations with the present Provisional Government of Poland, and the Government of the United Kingdom and the Government of the U.S.A. will establish diplomatic relations with the new Polish, Provisional Government of National Unity, and will exchange ambassadors by whose reports the respective governments will be kept informed about the situation in Poland. ' The three heads of government consider that the Eastern frontier of Poland should follow the Curzon Line with digressions from it in some regions of five to eight kilometers in favour of Poland. They recognized that Poland must receive substantial accessions of territory in the North and West. They feel that the opinion of the new Polish Provisional Government of National Unity should be sought in due course on the extent of these accessions and that the final delimitation of the western frontier of Poland should thereafter await the peace conference.

YUGOSLAVIA

We have agreed to recommend to Marshal Tito and D. Subasic that the agreement between them should be put into effect immediately, and that a new government should be form- ed on the basis of that agreement.

We also recommend that as soon as the new government has been formed it should declare that:

(1) The anti-Fascist assembly of National Liberation (Avnoj) should be extended to include members of the last Yugoslav Parliament (Skupschina) who have not compromised themselves by collaboration with the enemy thus forming a body to be known as a temporary Parliament; and,

(2) Legislative acts passed by the anti-Fascist assembly of National Liberation will be subject to subsequent ratification by a constituent assembly.

There was also a general review of other Balkan question.

MEETINGS OF FOREIGN SECRETARIES

Throughout the Conference, besides the daily meetings of the heads of governments and the Foreign Secretaries, separate meetings of the three Foreign Secretaries, and their advisors have also been held daily.

These meetings have proved of the utmost value and the Conference agreed that permanent machinery should be set up for regular consultation between the three Foreign Secretaries. They will, therefore, meet as often as may be necessary, probably about every three or four months. These meetings will be held in rotation. in the three capitals, the first meeting being held in London, after the United Nations Conference on World Organization.

UNITY FOR PEACE AS FOR WAR

Our meeting here in the Crimea has reaffirmed our common determination to maintain and strengthen in the peace to come that unity of purpose and of action which has made victorypossible and certain for the United Nations in this war. We believe that this is a sacred obligation which our Governments owe to our peoples and to all the peoples of the world.

Only with the continuing and growing co-operation and under- standing among our three countries and among all the peace-loving nations and the highest aspiration of humanity be realized—a secure and lasting peace which will, in the words of the Atlantic Charter, "afford assurance that all the men in all the lands may live out their lives in freedom from fear and want."

Victory in this war and establishment of the proposed international organization will provide the greatest opportunity in all history to create in the years to come the essential conditions of such a peace.

(Signed): Winston S. Churchill